Tuesday, July 31, 2012

GLSKS – Collaborative learning on Gitchee Gumee


Sorry for the long absence from this forum but I’ve been on vacation, glorious vacation, from both work and most electronic devices.  Ten days in the UP and northern Wisconsin ain’t a bad way to spend some quality time.  On the front end of the week on Gitchee Gumee was some coaching at the Great Lakes Sea Kayak Symposium in Grand Marais, MI.  It’s always a pleasure to connect with old friends as well as inevitable gathering of some new friends.  One of the more interesting conversations involved some folks who had been away for a few years and were able to compare and contrast the ‘good old days’ of this 27 year event with the current edition, especially methods of instruction and learning.  The main observation, a comment made more than once, was about the collaborative nature of the experience at the current edition of the GLSKS.  

In the early days there were a few sea kayaking pioneers that brought the sport to the Great Lakes and they had the strong personalities needed to pull off the introduction of a new sport.  It sounded like structured course work based upon the lead coaches knowledge and perception of the activity, and the assisting coaches were pretty much ‘safety boaters’ that made sure that the students performed the strokes and maneuvers precisely as explained and demo’ed by the lead coach.  Which, in all fairness, is pretty much how things were done in general back in the early ‘80’s, including more than a few college courses that I remember.  The current edition of the symposium is much more collaborative and everyone gets involved including the lead coach,  the other coaches, and especially the students. The prime example of this, the ability to change plans and dial in to the needs of the students, was illustrated perfectly on our Hurricane River to Au Sable lighthouse tour.  
Our group consisted of nine students and an international array of five coaches, a pretty damn good ratio.  The plan was to launch at the mouth of the Hurricane River and paddle to the lighthouse on AuSable point and back, a roughly four mile round trip.  The lake is the boss however, and when we reached the launch site we had a steady 10 knot northwest wind with a couple hundred miles of fetch.  The waves were about two footers, nice wave length between peaks, and were breaking about 50 yards out and crashing on the beach with that very impressive thump.  Because this was a short trip, we had a lot of beginners as well as folks who had paddled for awhile but had not experienced Gitchee Gumee.  It was apparent by the looks and muttered conversations that this was a bit more than most people had bargained for.  The coaches huddled, assessed the situation and came up with the idea of practicing surf launches and landings as a way to see how comfortable people were with the conditions.  When we presented the idea to the group they were all for it.  Rene from Venice Kayak and I paddled out past the break to work with students after they launched.   Ken, Steve, and Belinda worked with the folks on the beach.  The launching and landing lesson turned into a boat maneuvering lesson and instruction on how to turn the kayak in beam seas.  After all, when paddlers launch there is that requirement to turn around to land.  It was one of the times in my short coaching career when I could actually watch as well as feel confidence build by the minute.  Tenseness and tight neck muscles loosened as the process of paddling in waves was discussed, practiced, and demonstrated.  After about the third launch and landing sequence we had a fairly confident group.

The coaches huddled once again and we decided to call it a day and sit down for some lunch.  The paddle around Au Sable point, known as the Graveyard Coast to 19th century Lake Superior sailors, to the landing area would have had steep seas as they curved around the point and this was not the day to attempt that with newer paddlers.  I thought people might be disappointed but they were very upbeat and happy with their newfound rough water boat handling skills.  By working together as a group, evaluating the collective skill and comfort level, and coming up with a workable alternative to the scheduled activity, we created a win/win afternoon with paddlers happy with the result.  Thanks to Belinda, Ken, and Steve on the beach and to Rene (who loved not having to rinse the salt out of his paddle gear) out on the water.  We had only met briefly before being assigned to this tour and yet we were all on the same wavelength as were our students.  As I said earlier, the GLSKS is a great event with people coming from all points of the compass to learn, teach, paddle in some world class venues, and maybe even party and socialize a bit.  I'm already thinking about next year........

Tuesday, July 17, 2012

In hot water

Last weekend in Grand Marais, MN I had to opportunity to sneak out on Lake Superior with Bryan Hansel during a lull in his kayak touring business.  I had thrown in my Brooks tuliq, a wise choice I thought, given my past experiences with the north shore's water temps in the high 40F range.  Not so appropriate this year according to Bryan.  We were out about a half mile from the harbor entrance and the water had to be in the high 60's F for sure.  I saw the NOAA map (above) and realized that the whole lake seemed to be about 10F above the average norm.  Tomorrow both Mr. Hansel and  I head for Grand Marais, MI and the GLSKS and I'm seriously questioning what I will bring in order to 'dress for immersion'.

The ridiculous heat this summer, 100F here in Minneapolis/St Paul yesterday, has also caused ridiculous water temperatures in both inland lakes and the Great Lakes.  Normally Lake Superior is around the mid 50'sF this time of year and doesn't warm up to the temperatures we are seeing now until a bit before Labor Day.  Lake Michigan is even warmer with a buoy in the open lake recording an 80F reading last Friday, a high that has been acheived only 6 times since 1981 and never this early in the year.  A relatively ice free winter gave the lakes a head start and the above mentioned high temperatures have only accelerated the lake warming.

 So I believe I will be off to the GLSKS tomorrow with only my lightweight shorty neoprene in tow.  My drysuit with its newly replaced neck gasket will get to stay in the garage.  Last Sunday the VOR and I  chased the Hjordis off Grand Marais harbor, a 50' traditionally rigged schooner owned and operated by the North House Folk School.  Son GuitarMatt and his lady friend Kirbette were out on the boat for a late morning tour.  Both of us had gotten smart and worn light wool with a thin outer layer.  Because the breeze was not blowing over 50F water, even a paddle jacket was way too warm.  Standing in the water for rolling instruction may be a different story but I don't think so.  Its gonna be a great year for Lake Superior swimming but maybe not so good for those that rely on its cooling influence and the flora and fauna that count on cool temps to survive and flourish.  Put me down firmly in the 'cold is better' camp. 


Friday, July 13, 2012

Wait, you mean you can't believe everything you read in the paper!?

Many of us read about the freak thunderstorm that capsized 63 paddlers in the Chicago River around the 4th of July.  Screaming children, valiant rescuers, negligent kayak tour companies, all the stuff that makes for great press and human interest.  Hell, maybe we need to regulate those renegade kayak outfitters since we all know that every time something unsafe happens the cure is more regulation, right?  Well, it seems that the Chicago Tribune, TV news, and all the other media outlets that jumped on this story like a mongrel on a juicy T-bone may have had it a bit wrong.  More like completely wrong actually, if the trip report from Dave Olson, owner of Kayak Chicago, is correct.  I have to thank Jeff Forseth of SeaKayakSafety and fellow instructor/crony/CASKA big shot Haris Subacius for the heads up on this story.

First of all I have to say that I automatically believe anything that comes from a guy named Dave Olson.  I have met a few of us over the years and have found that we are all trustworty, loyal, helpful, friendly....you former Boy Scouts can fill in the rest of the adjectives.  There are seven of us Dave Olson's with the same middle initial as mine in the Minneapolis phone book.  This can be a double edged sword.   I once received a phone call while in college from a woman that wanted to recap our wild weekend and get together soon.  When I continued to express my ignorance of this wonderful liaison she finally realized I wasn't the Dave Olson she was looking for, got pissed, and hung up.  To this day I wonder just how good of a time I really had with this mystery woman.  Too often we are quick to jump to the conclusion that a tour company is irresponsible and is out for the almighty dollar rather than a responsible business that facilitates people to learn and enjoy our sport.  Like human beings in general, there are shady operations out there, but the vast majority are ethical and reputable.  From the detailed and factual incident report that I will publish in full along with Haris's preface, it would appear that everything was done by the book and according to procedure.  It also becomes apparent that the authorities and the media seemed to create the story that they thought people wanted to hear.  Without further adieu, here is the 'rest of the story', apologies to Paul Harvey:

The following story titled "Crews rescue 62 kayakers swamped in Chicago River during Storm" appeared in the Chicago Tribune on July 1, 2012. The reporter, Erin Meyer, made it sound like an unprecedented event in kayaking history—has anyone ever heard of over 60 people needing rescue after a kayaking accident. Lively debates immediately sprung up on CASKA and PCP bulletin boards as well as several places on Facebook (see CASKA and Inland Seas, Kayaking the Great Lakes). The Tribune report surely made it sound like kayak vendors were negligent in their duty to their customers. Curiously, the perspective of the kayak vendors themselves was entirely absent from the story—a sure red flag for anyone looking or a complete account.
As a representative of Chicago's paddling community, one of CASKA's roles is to provide that community with information so that we can make educated safe choices when it comes to paddling. Kayak Chicago and Water Riders (mislabeled as Waveriders in the Trib article) are two of the providers of kayak rentals, tours and lessons for the Chicago paddling public. We reached out to them seeking their side of the story.
Attached you will find three incident reports provided to us by the Kayak Chicago staff. We were in touch with Water Riders and will publish their report on this blog as soon as it is available.
Let us know what you think, or if you have questions, or if additional information and reflection would be helpful.
Haris Subačius
President – Chicago Area Sea Kayakers Association 

Incident report

We started the day as normal.
Guides and staff arrived at work at 9am, to prepare for our morning Architectural History tour from 10am - 1pm. As always, radar was checked, nothing showed up on radar and it was predicted to be a nice day.
Participants for the tour were checked in and the day began as normal.
Participants were divided into three groups, Group 1 had 23 guests and three guides, group 2 had 23 guests and 3 guides, and group 3 had 12 guests and 2 guides.
All lead guides are ACA certified instructors, and our guide to participant ratio is 1-8.
At 10:00am, all participants start with an on-land orientation in kayaks, teaching paddle strokes, safety and rules of the river. Upon launching the kayaks, all guests are given a balance check, making sure they understand how to balance their boat.
Each group, then gathered on the water and was given another balance check and a recap on paddle strokes. Once the group was comfortable, we began the tour with a group, and the guides lead the group out.
Our Architectural History tour, is a narrated tour, stopping at different sites along the river to rest and tell stories of Chicago's history, architecture and the river.
Along the way, guides help guests refine paddle strokes and ensure that they are staying to the right, out of the way of all other boats. The lead guide is always the front of the group, and the sweep takes up the back, making sure no one falls behind. If the group is large enough for three guides, the 3rd guide is in the wing position, keeping all guests to their right.
At 12:03 pm, I noticed the sky becoming grey. I quickly left my meeting with our landlord and called our office to check radar. As I ran around the building to our office, our site manager was already on the phone, calling guides to get everyone off the water at the nearest emergency take out. Following our safety protocol, all guides are aware of every emergency take out on the Chicago River and evacuation plan in the event of an emergency or inclement weather. Our manual and guide training detail our emergency protocol and every guide is trained as to how to handle these situations.
All guides are equipped with marine radios, a long tow line, and a short contact tow on their rescue PFD. All guides also carry cell phones, bilge pumps and paddle floats, first aid kits, and a spare paddle. All guides use sea kayaks, spray skirts and high angle paddles to allow for quick response, sprinting and efficient rescues.
As I got geared up to head to our motorized rescue boats, our land staff was already assisting group 1, out of their kayaks and back on land. Group 1 was all accounted for and off the water. Myself and another lead guide, jumped into two separate rescue boats and motored down the river to assist groups 2 & 3 to get everyone off the water.
As we motored down the backside of Goose Island the storm hit. We approached the southern tip of Goose Island, to find 5 capsized kayaks in the water. I checked on each kayak, and was radioed by our guides on the water that all five boats in the water were blown off of the dock, due to high winds. No one was in the kayaks when they blew off the docks into the water. I checked in with my guides to confirm that all of our guests were off the water in groups 2 & 3. They confirmed and said that all guests were safe on land, and they had brought everyone back to the dock and got them off the water.
During this time, the Chicago Marine Unit was picking up a family of renters that had rented two tandem kayaks from Wateriders. They were picked up at Erie park by the Marine Unit and brought on board because there were two children involved. I was told that there was a total of 3 kayaks from Kayak Chicago's tour that capsized when the winds hit. They were immediately T-rescued by our guides and escorted to the dock. None of Kayak Chicago's guests were assisted in any way by the Chicago Marine unit or Chicago Fire Department both of which were on the scene in their boats.
Wateriders also had a group on the water, when the storm hit. I cannot speak for Wateriders, as to how many of their guest capsized but, in the incident reports written by my guides, they state that they rescued several of Wateriders' guests. One of our guides stated that he was assisting a woman with a T-rescue and the Chicago Fire Department yelled to the woman and instructed her to let go of the kayak and swim to the sea wall so she could climb out on a rusty broken ladder.
After being told that everyone was accounted for and safe on land, we motored towards group 3 whom I had spoken to by radio and confirmed that everyone was safe and on-land. NO ONE capsized in group 3 and all were off the water and safe when the storm hit.
As I motored to the confluence, I was in radio contact with our lead guide who was assisting the Marine Unit in rescuing two of Wateriders' renters downtown. The Marine Unit had Wateriders' guests on board and our lead guide was towing one of Wateriders tandem kayaks back to the dock. I took over the tow and we motored back to the dock at the East Bank Club where the rest of group 3 was waiting with our other guide.
With everyone safe and accounted for, we put the group in cabs to get back to our river location. I was told that two of the people on land were Wateriders guests so I put them in my boat and motored them back up to Wateriders dock. The guides in group 3 stayed behind to daisy chain the kayaks and tow them back with rescue boat 2.
When I arrived back at Wateriders dock, where group 2 was, I was greeted by the Chicago Fire Department Chief, who wanted to speak to me to confirm that everyone was off the water. I confirmed, after all three of our guides had already confirmed with him. My confirmation was not good enough for him and he asked me to generate a roster of all participants on the tour. We called back to our office and had the site Manager text the list of guest names to our phones as well as the officer's phone. The Marine Unit called in for a CTA bus to take all guest back to our river location office.
I docked my boat at Wateriders dock and ran out front to see the bus off. I was greeted by several officers who were so nervous that they were shaking while trying to radio their boss. This was well after the incident was over. Many of the police commended our guides for an incredible job in getting our groups off the water.
I was then told by the lieutenant that myself and the owner of Wateriders needed to come back to the Marine Unit station to be cited. When I asked why, they said we will talk about it in the office. I then asked permission to finish taking care of our situation so we could get all of our boats back to the office and greet our guest upon arrival back at our office. He said that was fine. We collected our gear, and towed the kayaks back to our location.
Upon my return all the guests had already arrived back and were checked in and accounted for by our land crew, who again confirmed that all guest arrived back safely.
Once I had gathered my things, I jumped in my truck to drive to the Marine station.
Once at the station, I was told that the Owner of Wateriders was already there and left. I was sat down and told that the reason we were being cited was for negligence. I then produced our procedural manual, and outlined for all three officers our weather contingency plan, emergency protocol, and emergency take outs. They were not interested in the fact that our guides followed our Emergency protocol to the T. They would not even look at our Manual to show proof of our emergency plan that was followed. I told the officers that I was extremely proud of my guides for getting our guests off the water and safe on land. The officer said that, regardless of anything, we were negligent because we put guests on the water with an approaching storm. When I told them, that we were not aware of inclement weather until 12:03pm, which is just after the Chicago forecast was broadcasted, he told me that I should have known that the storms were building and approaching. I stated that I was not in my office watching radar because, when we checked in the morning, radar was clear and it was a beautiful sunny day. He said, that doesn't matter, I should have known. He then left the room to go talk to his boss. When he was out, I was told that the only reason we were being cited was that someone has to be held responsible due to the amount of resources that were used. I told them, that we didn't call in for help and we had our group under control.
When the officer came back in the room, he said, I want to give you the benefit of the doubt and because the Chicago warning wasn't issued until noon, he would not cite us. He then said, however the national weather service issued a warning somewhere at 11:00am. When I asked him when they were made aware he didn't answer.
I wanted to ask him, if they knew ahead of time, why they were not out on the river getting people off the water. However, I decided not to. I later found out that the national weather service didn't issue the warning until after 11:30am.
After 30 minutes of defending myself and our guides, he stated, "so you do not think that this citation is warranted." I told him no. He changed his tone to become nice and friendly and said, well this is my opinion, and I am entitled to my opinion. I was then forced to sign the citation, after being told that it does not mean anything and I can contest it in court. He then walked me out and shook my hand, and said "Thank you."
I left, and headed back to the office. When I arrived, I was met by my land manager who had the news up on the computer. The reports given by the Marine Unit and CFD stated that they rescued over 62 kayakers from the water and pulled out over 30 who had capsized.
This is a complete fabrication of the story. In fact, none of Kayak Chicago's guests were rescued by anyone from the Marine Unit or Fire Department. Our guides took care of our guests, making sure they were safe and off the water, and then assisted everyone else from Wateriders group. Wateriders staff was on the dock and they were helping people out of their kayaks, not the Marine Unit or CFD. I know that there were a couple people that were pulled out by the Marine Unit, but none of those, were Kayak Chicago Guests.
Once I saw the news release, I began to get calls from the media looking for a statement and interviews. I accepted and had several phone interviews telling our side of the story as to what really happened.
After the first interview, I called the Marine Unit to try and understand why they would fabricate such an outrageous statement and I was told that the morning crew had already gone home for the day and there was no one that was involved that was still there. I explained to the officer that I was receiving interview requests and he told me that I should keep my mouth shut and not say anything and consult my lawyer. I asked him why and he stated that I should not talk to the media. With that, I then proceeded to accept every phone interview and on-camera interview so that we could get the real story out.
Since then, my interviews have been taken out of context and changed to fit what the media thinks makes for a good story.
I am truly appalled that the Marine unit and the Chicago Fire Department are taking credit for all of the rescues and make it sound as if there were over 30 people capsized and swimming in the river. They made the situation sound 10 times worse than it actually was. They never even made mention of the fact that our guides did the majority of the rescues.
I was also told by my land manager that one of the Officers came into the office and complimented our staff and guides for a great job on the river today. The Officer then said, my shirt is wet, can I have one of your Kayak Chicago shirts. He was given a shirt. This Officer then reported later that we did nothing wrong.
I will say, that I am very happy that we have the resources available to us, in the time of an emergency, and was happy that they were there to help but I cannot believe that they are blaming the situation on us for not being able to get our groups off the water in time. The original predictions for the storm were expected to hit at 1:30pm, which would have given us ample time to get off the water, 30 minutes before it was projected to hit Chicago. The storm, was moving so fast that it arrived almost an hour before it was supposed to. Unfortunately, due to the design of the Chicago River being constructed of concrete walls, there are only so many take-outs that are accessible by kayak.
What have we learned from this event?
It is now standard a policy that we keep radar up on the office computer at all times and check it every half hour even on a beautiful, sunny days.
I learned what a media frenzy can do and that I cannot even trust the word of those that are supposed to protect us.
Chicago weather is extremely un-predictable. We have cancelled numerous tours this season, and over the 13 years that we have been in business, due to the possibility of a potential storm that could possibly hit Chicago. Nine times out of 10 times the storm either dissipates or changes course and never hits Chicago.
Once again, I am extremely proud of our guides as to how they handled the situation. They followed our standard safety procedures and were able to get all of our guests off the water to safety.
In the end, the fact that everyone is safe and no one was injured is what matters most.
This is the first, and only incident, we have ever had in the 13 years that we have been guiding tours and teaching classes in Chicago.
Dave Olson 7/2/2012

I would suggest that anyone reading this pass it on to fellow kayakers and help get the word out on what would seem to have been a well organized and effective response to an 'act of nature' that unpredictable and sometimes violent entity that often conspires to throw us off our game.   Too often our sport gets a black eye when 'kayakers' a very loose description that encompasses everyone from BCU/ACA certified coaches to the knucklehead in the 8 foot rec boat heading for the sea caves on Lake Superior in cutoffs and a T shirt, make the news in a negative way.  I think this story, as Dave Olson recounts it, is a very positive one, a story that should reassure people thinking about giving kayaking a try. 

 (storm photo via Amy Keyes)

Monday, July 9, 2012

Apostles Decisions

 It was a long and wonderful weekend up on the Bayfield peninsula last week.  A 4th of July that falls on a Wednesday only means deciding whether to take the two days before, the two after, or the entire week off.  We were visited by the UndergroundHippie and his lovely spouse the FlowerChild all the  way from Omaha, NE for a multitasking five day weekend.  The weather was excellent for the most part but the lake decided to brew up a couple nice little thunderstorms on the 4th itself and then again on Friday, which resulted in some unfortunately predictable situations.

My friend Aras had an article published in the August edition of Sea Kayaker on an economic model for risk management in sea kayaking.  It is excellent in that it quantifies the perceived value of launching and how it meshes with the twin factors of perceived risk and opportunity cost.  In other words, what kind of trouble can I get into when I launch and what could I possibly be doing that might be as much or more fun than launching my kayak in dicey conditions.  Apparently this matrix was at play at Meyers Beach on the afternoon of the 4th of July.  The radar out over the lake looked like a person's knee after a nasty mountain bike crash, mottled, red, purple, and ugly.  A squall line was moving to the northeast at 40mph.  It was black and roiling to the north.  Both the park service and Coast Guard were at the beach and allegedly talked a number of people out of launching to visit the mainland caves. Not everyone was dissuaded however, and a couple of rental doubles launched, got into trouble very quickly, and it took the Coast Guard, NPS, and the Bayfield Co sheriff boats to haul them out. I talked with a guide that took a group out Thursday morning, a beautiful day with sun and a 6-7 knot NW breeze.  He saw the smashed up doubles on the rocks from the previous evening's excitement.  Image at right.  Perhaps the people did not realize the perceived risks or weigh the value of other opportunities, I don't know since I didn't talk to them.  I'm trying to think of a way to be charitable here,  but if the NPS and Coast Guard both strongly encourage you not to launch and you still do, you sir or ma'am, are a certified dumb ass.  I wonder how the very people that told you not to launch feel about risking their safety to haul your stupid ass out of the water?  I sincerely hope that some damage deposits on the boats were cashed in.  At least that will raise the perceived risk, that of financial loss, if they ever think about doing this again.  It was an equal opportunity afternoon though, with a powerboat swamped and buried on Bear Island, and an interesting SWI (Sailboating While Intoxicated) off Sand Island.  Quite the trifecta on our nation's birthday.

Thursday was bluebird weather as I mentioned, and five of us including the VOR, MadCityMary, and our Cornhusker contingent took the perfect paddle to the Sand Island caves and the lighthouse.  It was the FlowerChild's first crossing and first time on Lake Superior.  The trusty Aleut II, the Lead Banana, performed perfectly. Friday's paddle was not quite as uneventful however.  The UndergroundHippie, RangerMark, and I launched at the Sioux River for a quick shot across the mouth of Chequamagon Bay to the tip of Long Island and its two light stations.  There had been some small squalls in the area but they had all been well north and out over the lake.  NOAA had a benign forecast with the typical 'chance of thunderstorms', the sky looked good, and there was a 10-12 knot east wind 'in our teeth'. The forecast was for the wind to continue and build the waves from under two feet to 2' to 4' that evening. The paddle plan was to hammer it out, touch Long, and surf back. As we battled into the wind and got about 3/4 of the way across the three mile run, we looked over our shoulder and the sky did not look good.  A consnesus decision was made and we spun around and got about 5 minutes of good open water surfing when the backside of  the squall hit.  The wind switched immediately from dead east to the northwest, picked up to 25 knots and the waves picked up within 10-15 minutes to three plus footers with the tops being blown off.  Now it was work, all fun had ceased at that point.  Paddle strokes were lowered to reduce the wind tearing at the upper blade, skegs retracted, and lots of general hunkering down with wind and spray in our faces.  The UH was in the VOR's Avocet, a boat a bit too small for him so his trip was a bit more interesting than for his two companions.  Lets just say the sand of the Friendly Valley Rd beach was welcoming when we hit it.  At the same time, two guys we talked to on Hermit the next day were caught about 1/3 of the way between Basswood and Hermit.  I didn't know their skill level but they said that the 25 knot tail wind and 'massive adrenaline' made for a quick rest of the crossing. This storm literally materialized in 15 minutes.  I also heard from a buddy that was camped on Rocky Island that they chose to stay put and not paddle when they saw the storm blow up.

Lots of decisions were made by lots of people up in the Apostles over the 4th,, some good, some bad.  Decisions that were made with good solid information and reasoning and others with seemingly no thought at all.  Would our intrepid trio launch again given the information and resources available, skill level of the paddlers, and location of the paddle.  I would have to say yes.  In retrospect continuing to Long Island and hanging out for the 40 minutes or so of the blow would have likely been a better choice but then hindsight is always 20-20.  Take a look at Aras's (known in this space as MrEngineerGear) article and think about that three legged stool of perceived value of the paddle, perceived risk, and other opportunities available.  It adds a couple dimensions to the decision matrix that really need to be discussed and emphasized when talking to people that are deciding whether to head out.  The other unspoken question is will you have fun? If the goal of this activity is fun, and that's certainly my goal, then people need to decide if battling big seas and potential disaster is really all that much fun.  An excellent article, excellent weekend, and some excellent food for thought.